After five consecutive years of declining investment in research and development (R&D) for HIV prevention options, annual funding increased in 2018 by a modest 1.2 percent, or US$ 13 million, according to the latest report from the Resource Tracking for HIV Prevention Research and Development Working Group. Investment in R&D increased for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), female condoms, and prevention of vertical transmission but decreased for voluntary medical male circumcision, preventive vaccines, microbicides, and treatment as prevention.