The fifth chapter of the 2018 Manual for Male Circumcision under Local Anaethesia addresses how to protect clients and clinic staff from exposure to infection, including blood-borne pathogens such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV. It addresses basic concepts of infection prevention for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) services; key components of standard precautions; steps for hand hygiene; appropriate usage of personal protective equipment; safe injection practices; proper processing and decontamination of instruments and other items; safe handling and disposal of infectious waste materials and used disposable kits; and resources for providing post-exposure prophylaxis.